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Fed loaned hundreds of billions to foreign banks and companies
Data Shine Light on Winners From Fed Loans
By Jon Hilsenrath and Liz Rappaport
The Wall Street Journal
Wednesday, December 1, 2010
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB1000142405274870386500457564916024102952...
The Federal Reserve, forced by Congress to release details on more than a trillion dollars' worth of loans made during the financial crisis, disclosed the breadth of its lending to U.S. businesses desperate to raise cash and the surprising degree to which it supported struggling foreign banks in the worst days of 2008 and 2009.
The lending, most of which has been paid back, represents the Fed's most aggressive intervention in the economy ever, and included loans to stalwart industrial companies such as General Electric Co. and Verizon Communications Inc. Though the Fed has been credited with helping prevent many banks and firms from collapsing as credit markets stopped functioning, critics also say the Fed overreached and the latest disclosures could open new fault lines.
The scale of the Fed's lending was known already. Its portfolio of loans and securities soared from less than $900 billion in 2007 to more than $2 trillion during the crisis. The specifics of who got the money hadn't been known.
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Prophecy Receives Permit To Mine at Ulaan Ovoo in Mongolia
VANCOUVER, British Columbia -- Prophecy Resource Corp. (TSX-V:PCY, OTCQX: PRPCF, Frankfurt: 1P2) announces that on November 9, 2010, it received the final permit to commence mining operations at its Ulaan Ovoo coal project in Mongolia. Prophecy is one of few international mining companies to achieve such a milestone. The mine is production-ready, with a mine opening ceremony scheduled for November 20.
Prophecy CEO John Lee said: "I thank the government of Mongolia for the expeditious way this permit was issued. The opening of Ulaan Ovoo is a testament to the industrious and skilled workforce in Mongolia. Prophecy directly and indirectly (through Leighton Asia) employs more than 65 competent Mongolian nationals and four expatriots. The company also reaffirms its commitment to deliver coal to the local Edernet and Darkhan power plants in Mongolia."
The Ulaan Ovoo open pit mine is 10 kilometers from the Russian border and within 120km of the Nauski TransSiberian railway station, enabling transportation of coal to Russia and its eastern seaports. Thermal coal prices are trading at two-year highs at Russian seaports due to strong demand from Asian economies.
For the complete press release, please visit:
http://prophecyresource.com/news_2010_nov11.php
Foreign banks received hundreds of billions of dollars in short-term loans from the Fed. Among the biggest loans from a Fed commercial-paper lending program was one to Swiss banking giant UBS AG, which tapped it for $37 billion in October 2008. Barclays PLC, the British bank that declined to rescue Lehman Brothers but later bought much of it from bankruptcy, tapped the Fed for roughly $10 billion in commercial-paper loans in October 2008.
All the borrowings were repaid by the end of 2009, a Barclays spokesman said. A UBS representative said its borrowing was relatively modest, done to give it flexibility during the crisis and was fully repaid.
The Fed's support of foreign banks was rooted in its effort to hold together the crumbling and heavily interconnected financial system. Government officials at the time were concerned the failure of another big financial firm after the collapse of Lehman Brothers would severely damage the global economy.
Dexia AG, a Belgian bank, turned to the Fed for $23 billion in 2008. Commerzbank AG, a German bank, came for $13 billion for commercial-paper loans and turned to another Fed loan facility 25 times for short-term loans of as much as $7.25 billion.
"It is clear foreign institutions were large users of the Fed's facilities, in part as a way to channel dollars to their European home bases," said Robert Eisenbeis, chief monetary economist at Cumberland Advisors.
Also on the list was the banking arm of the Korean government, foreign auto makers, and other foreign firms that held U.S. mortgage-backed securities they couldn't sell when financial markets froze.
"After years of stonewalling by the Fed, the American people are finally learning the incredible and jaw-dropping details of the Fed's multitrillion-dollar bailout of Wall Street and corporate America," said Sen. Bernie Sanders, a Vermont independent whose amendment to the Dodd-Frank financial-regulatory bill forced the disclosures. He said the lending to foreign firms was especially striking and demanded "an extensive look."
Among other details to emerge:
-- Goldman Sachs Group Inc. and Morgan Stanley borrowed directly from the Fed 84 and 212 times, respectively, after the collapse of Lehman Brothers in September 2008. Goldman's overnight loans peaked at $18 billion in mid-October. Morgan Stanley borrowed more, as its chief executive, John Mack, was complaining that the bank was target of speculators betting it would fail. In its most troubled days in late September 2008, Morgan and its London arm borrowed nearly $60 billion.
-- GE, one of the nation's largest corporations, turned to the Fed for short-term loans, known as commercial paper, when that market dried up. GE—mainly to help its financial arm GE Capital—tapped the Fed for $2.3 billion on Oct. 27, 2008, and returned for the next four days, taking more than $12 billion in total.
-- Nine of the 10 largest money-market fund companies at the time, with total assets under management of about $2.4 trillion, including BlackRock Inc., Fidelity Investments Inc. and Dreyfus Corp., turned to the Fed for cash as investors fled the funds for safer ground.
The fresh details on about 21,000 transactions are likely to intensify public and political scrutiny of the Fed, including its lending to foreign entities.
Fed officials and their counterparts overseas feared that what started as a crisis in U.S. subprime mortgages could turn into a global meltdown. One problem: Many of the foreign banks that got Fed money were active in U.S. debt markets -- including mortgage and municipal bonds. They depended on U.S. dollar loans to fund their holdings of U.S. debt and could have been forced to sell the bonds without funding. That, in turn, would have worsened the crisis for U.S. firms and homeowners.
In addition to making hundreds of billions of dollars of loans to banks, the Fed shipped nearly $600 billion of credit directly to foreign central banks.
Several hedge funds, including a few that have been blamed for helping cause the crisis, were able along the way to profit from Fed lending programs as its rescue efforts grew to a grand scale.
The new data identified a few individuals who benefited indirectly from Fed programs. Among them were John Paulson, the billionaire hedge-fund manager who made a fortune betting against mortgage bonds in the lead-up to the crisis, and Michael Dell, the founder of Dell Inc.
They invested in OneWest Bank, which received $34 million in low-interest financing from the Fed to invest in securities backed by consumer loans.
The details of the borrowing by financial firms could factor in Fed and Treasury deliberations, now under way, about which firms could pose risks to the financial system and thus should get stepped-up scrutiny from regulators. The data show that the Fed saw an array of firms -- from money-market funds to investment banks -- as systemically important in the crisis.
Recipients of the loans expressed gratitude. "The Fed's actions were timely and critical, and we commend them for providing liquidity and stabilizing the financial system during that period," Morgan Stanley said in a statement.
A Goldman spokesman said the Fed was "successful" at fixing broken financial markets. Russell Wilkerson, a GE spokesman, said the Fed should be "commended for coming up with an effective program" to repair the commercial-paper markets.
The Fed said in a statement that its programs fostered economic growth and financial stability, and that it followed "sound risk-management practices" in running the programs.
The Fed lent through 10 programs in all. Taken together, the programs funneled $3.3 trillion of credit into the financial system at different times in the crisis.
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Sona Drills 85.4g Gold/Ton Over 4 Metres at Elizabeth Gold Deposit,
Extending the Mineralization of the Southwest Vein on the Property
Company Press Release, October 27, 2010
VANCOUVER, British Columbia -- Sona Resources Corp. reports on five drillling holes in the third round of assay results from the recently completed drill program at its 100 percent-owned Elizabeth Gold Deposit Property in the Lillooet Mining District of southern British Columbia. Highlights from the diamond drilling include:
-- Hole E10-66 intersected 17.4g gold/ton over 1.54 metres.
-- Hole E10-67 intersected 96.4g gold/ton over 2.5 metres, including one assay interval of 383g of gold/ton over 0.5 metres.
-- Hole E10-69 intersected 85.4g gold/ton over 4.03 metres, including one assay interval of 230g gold/ton over 1 metre.
Four drill holes, E10-66 to E10-69, targeted the southwestern end of the Southwest Vein, and three of the holes have expanded the mineralized zone in that direction. The Southwest Vein gold mineralization has now been intersected over a strike length of 325 metres, with the deepest hole drilled less than 200 metres from surface. "The assay results from the Southwest Zone quartz vein continue to be extremely positive," says John P. Thompson, Sona's president and CEO. "We are expanding the Southwest Vein, and this high-grade gold mineralization remains wide open down dip and along strike to the southwest."
For the company's full press release, please visit:
