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World finance leaders fail to resolve currency dispute
By Martin Crutsinger and Harry Dunphy
Associated Press
via Yahoo News
Saturday, October 9, 2010
http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20101009/ap_on_bi_ge/us_global_finance;_ylt=A...
WASHINGTON -- Global finance leaders failed Saturday to resolve deep differences that threaten the outbreak of a full-blown currency war.
Various nations are seeking to devalue their currencies as a way to boost exports and jobs during hard economic times. The concern is that such efforts could trigger a repeat of the trade wars that contributed to the Great Depression of the 1930s as country after country raises projectionist barriers to imported goods.
The International Monetary Fund wrapped up two days of talks with a communique that pledged to "deepen" its work in the area of currency movements, including conducting studies on the issue.
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World Bank President Robert Zoellick said the rising economic tensions reflected a weak global recovery.
"A lack of growth accompanied by high unemployment is having consequences," Zoellick told reporters at a news conference concluding the IMF-World Bank meetings. "There is a danger that countries will turn inward and, as a result, international cooperation falters. This could be dangerous."
The communique essentially papered-over sharp differences on currency policies between China and the United States.
The Obama administration, facing November elections where high U.S. unemployment will be a top issue, has been ratcheting up pressure on China to move more quickly to allow its currency to rise in value against the dollar.
American manufacturers contend the Chinese yuan is undervalued by as much as 40 percent and this has cost millions of U.S. manufacturing jobs by making Chinese goods cheaper in the United States and U.S. products more expensive in China.
China has allowed its currency, the yuan, to rise in value by about 2.3 percent since announcing in June that it would introduce a more flexible exchange rate. Most of that increase has come in recent weeks after the Obama administration began taking a more hardline approach and the U.S. House passed tough legislation to impose economic sanctions on countries found to be manipulating their currencies.
Chinese officials continued to insist that their gradual approach to revaluing their currency was best, and that faster movements risked destabilizing the Chinese economy.
Various other nations, including Japan, Brazil and South Korea, also have taken steps to keep their currencies weaker in an effort to increase their exports. And in the United States, expectations of further monetary easing by the Federal Reserve have driven the dollar down significantly against the euro and other major currencies.
IMF Managing Director Dominique Strauss-Kahn said he did not view the outcome of the IMF discussions as a failure. He said they set the stage for further progress at the upcoming summit of leaders of the Group of 20 nations in November in Seoul and at future IMF meetings.
The G-20 includes traditional economic powers such as the United States and Europe along with fast-growing economies such as China, Brazil and India.
"I am not disappointed," Strauss-Kahn told reporters about the outcome of the two days of talks.
Strauss-Kahn acknowledged that significant differences also remained on the question of reforming the IMF by giving China and other fast-growing economic powers greater voting rights and representation on the IMF board. The G-20 leaders are supposed to endorse a deal on IMF reform at their November summit.
Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner on Wednesday raised the possibility that awarding greater power to China in the IMF should be linked to an increased willingness of that country to reform its currency system.
But Oxfam, an international aid group, criticized Geithner's comments.
"The currency war cannot be used to hold IMF reform hostage," said Oxfam spokesperson Pamela Gomez. "The IMF can't do its job unless emerging economies are at the table."
On Saturday, Geithner told the IMF's policy-setting panel that the organization must begin to speak more forcefully about how countries manage their currencies.
The IMF's concluding statement did pledge to work for "stronger and evenhanded surveillance to uncover vulnerabilities in large advanced economies." Strauss-Kahn said he would personally participate in the annual economic reviews of the world's five or six largest economies, a group that would include the United States and China.
But private economists were not impressed with the IMF's new commitments on surveillance.
"The IMF ratcheted up the focus on exchange rate surveillance a few years ago and then eased off under pressure from China," said Eswar Prasad, a trade professor at Cornell University.
French Finance Minister Christine Lagarde said Saturday that a successful resolution of the currency dispute with China would require a cooling of over-heated rhetoric about currency wars.
"In a war, there is always a loser and in this situation there must not be a loser," she said.
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